In this work, starch-based composites reinforced with jute strands were obtained by injection moulding procedure. The influence of the degree of adhesion at fibre-matrix interface to the mechanical properties of the composites was evaluated. For this purpose, partial delignification of jute strands by means of NaOH treatment was carried out and the mechanical properties of the corresponding composites determined. The alkali treatment resulted in an increase of the strength and stiffness of the jute strand/starch composites. The enhancement was analysed in terms of compatibility and extension of the adhesion at fibre-matrix interface. The application of a blocking reaction to the surface hydroxyl groups of jute strands corroborated the influence of the mechanical properties to the extension of the interfacial adhesion. Thus, higher extension of the hydrogen bonds at fibre-matrix interface gave higher strength and stiffness of the jute strand/starch-based composites. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.