Submicron-size of colloidal spheres itself and their self-assembled structures are useful basis for obtaining various functional structures. Up to now, we have succeeded to fabricate several unique structures that are expected to be applied to various components of a specific optical device, or the substrate for material- and/or bio-science research purpose. Facile fabrication procedures and obtained structures for an inverse opal structure, a binary colloidal structure, an alternating photonic crystal and glass structure, and an anisotropic hemispherical structure are introduced. Their optical functions are also described.