Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing, Vol.36, No.2, 599-613, 2016
Surface Modification by Atmospheric Pressure Air Plasma Treatment to Improve Dyeing with Natural Dyes: An Environment Friendly Approach for Leather Processing
The present study describes surface modification of leather using environment friendly atmospheric pressure dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) process to improve dyeing with natural dyes. Leather samples were exposed to dielectric barrier discharge produced in air. DBD plasma treatment changes morphology and chemical composition of the surface of leather samples. The chemical changes at leather surface are confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer. The morphology and chemical composition of leather surface is studied using scanning electron microscope and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. We observed significant improvement in dye uptake properties after air plasma treatment. Different species formed in plasma are identified using optical emission spectroscopy. Untreated and plasma treated samples were dyed with Eco-Garnet Brown, Eco-Hill Brown III, Eco-Turkey Red and Eco-Smoke Grey natural dyes. Dyeing behavior was assessed by spectroscopic measurement and by measuring fastness (wash and rub) properties. This has clearly indicated an increase in color intensity of plasma exposed leather as well as an increase in the dye uptake as compared to the untreated leather. Best results were obtained with Eco-Hill Brown III and Eco-Smoke Grey dyes. The study reveals that atmospheric pressure plasma has potential to become dry and eco-friendly process to modify leather surface to improve dye uptake properties with natural dyes.
Keywords:Dielectric barrier discharge;Atmospheric pressure plasma;Fourier transform infrared spectrometer;X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy;Scanning electron microscope;Natural dyes