Cr3+-Yb3+ codoped transparent glass-ceramics containing Y3Al5O12 nanocrystals were prepared by heat treatment of as-prepared glass sample and characterized by X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. The efficient energy transfer from Cr3+ to Yb3+ ions through multi-phonon-assisted process was confirmed by the luminescence spectrum and fluorescent lifetime measurements. When excited by the lights from a solar simulator in the wavelength region of 400-800nm, greatly enhanced near-infrared emission around 1m was achieved from Cr3+-Yb3+ codoped glass ceramic compared with that from as-prepared glass and Ce3+-Yb3+ codoped glass ceramic. These results demonstrate that the Cr3+-Yb3+ codoped glass ceramic is a promising material for enhancement of the efficiency of solar energy utilization.