Journal of Applied Microbiology, Vol.119, No.5, 1278-1290, 2015
Soil fungi for mycoremediation of arsenic pollution in agriculture soils
Aims: Soil arsenic (As) contamination of food-chains and public health can be mitigated through fungal bioremediation. To enumerate culturable soil fungi, soils were collected from the As-contaminated paddy fields (3-35mgkg(-1)) of the middle Indo-Gangetic Plains. Methods and Results: Total 54 fungal strains were obtained and identified at their molecular level. All strains were tested for As tolerance (from 100 to 10000mgl(-1) arsenate). Fifteen fungal strains, tolerant to 10000mgl(-1) arsenate, were studied for As removal in-vivo for 21days by cultivating them individually in potato dextrose broth enriched with 10mgl(-1) As. The bioaccumulation of As in fungal biomass ranged from 0023 to 0259gkg(-1). The biovolatilized As ranged from 023 to 64mgkg(-1). Conclusions: Higher As bioaccumulation and biovolatilization observed in the seven fungal strains, Aspergillus oryzae FNBR_L35; Fusarium sp. FNBR_B7, FNBR_LK5 and FNBR_B3; Aspergillus nidulans FNBR_LK1; Rhizomucor variabilis sp. FNBR_B9; and Emericella sp. FNBR_BA5. These fungal strains were also tested and found suitable for significant plant growth promotion in the calendula, withania and oat plants in a greenhouse based pot experiment. Significance and Impact of Study: These fungal strains can be used for As remediation in As-contaminated agricultural soils.