In this work, a dual-bed aqueous catalysis system with Ru/C as catalyst was proposed for the liquid alkane (pentane/hexane: C5/C6) production from acid biomass hydrolysate. The low temperature (413 K) hydrogenation of biomass-derived carbohydrates into polyols was carried out in the first fixed bed. The high temperature (523 K) hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) of polyols into alkanes was carried out in the down-stream bed. To screen the optimal reaction conditions, glucose and sorbitol were chosen for model tests. Whereby, reactor types, solution pH value, mineral acid, reaction temperature, pressure and sorbitol concentrations were studied. A maximum C5/C6 alkane yield of 61.9% was achieved from 20 wt% sorbitol solution (pH = 1.5) under 523 K and 4 MPa H-2 pressure in the fixed-bed reactor. For cassava and corncob hydrolysate, C5/C6 alkane yield of 38.8% and 44.1% were obtained, respectively. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.