In this paper, the gradient AGDL (anode gas diffusion layer) is applied to prompt the methanol/CO2 transport, and improve the performance of the IIDMFC (micro direct methanol fuel cell). A two-dimensional, two-phase model coupled with mass/momentum transports and hydrophobic characteristic is first established, with the methanol concentration distribution, CO2 volume fraction, and the polarization curve simulated. In addition, a metal-based gDMFC with the effective area of 0.64 cm(2) is fabricated, such that detailed experiments are conducted to validate the simulation results. The results reveal that when the AGDL is treated with 10 wt% of (Polytetrafluoroethylene), the best performance with a peak power density of 19 mW cm(-2) is achieved at room temperature. Finally, a novel AGDL structure with gradient PTFE content is prepared to improve the two-phase convection transport and the power density. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.