Electrochimica Acta, Vol.178, 856-870, 2015
Pulse potential electrodeposition of (112)-textured chalcopyrite CuInSe2 films from acidic aqueous solutions
A pulsed potential method was used to synthesize chalcopyrite CuInSe2 films by a single step electrodeposition process from acidic aqueous solutions of Cu(II) and In(III) nitrates, selenium oxide (SeO2) and citrate (C6H5Na3O7) additive. The effect of deposition parameters, such as bath composition, pulsed potential profile, electrolysis charge, and bath temperature, on the structure, composition and morphology of the obtained films was investigated. Conditions for producing coherently uniform deposits with near stoichiometric compositions were specified. Pulse plating at room temperature from pH 1.6-1.8 baths with millimolar concentrations of precursors, and a five to ten-fold excess of In(III) over Cu(II), employing the moderately high frequency of 1 Hz and short cathodic pulses, was found leading to direct formation of CuInSe2 crystallites in strongly (112)(tetr)-textured films, free from bulk secondary phases. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Keywords:copper-indium-diselenide;pulsed potential electrodeposition;voltammetry;thin film microstructure