SEM studies of acacia and eucalyptus wood chars, prepared under different carbonization conditions, were undertaken to provide information on what happens in the transformation of wood to chars. The material normally lost as volatiles contributes totally to the formation of pores, cracks and pyrolytic carbon. Both woods exhibited similar devolatilization behaviour in pore structure development, crack formation and pyrolytic carbon deposition, showing a decrease in pore size with an increase in carbonization temperature and cracks/voids formation during rapid carbonization at higher temperatures (i.e. 800-1050 degrees C). Slow carbonization red to pyrolytic carbon deposition in resulting wood char structures and did not disturb the fibrous nature and cell structures of the wood, even at a high carbonization temperature of 1200 degrees C. Prolonged heating at carbonization (slow) temperatures of 800 and 1000 degrees C caused sintering of the adjacent fibres resulting in the formation of compacted mass.