Single crystal mullite whiskers were directly added into the precursor sols to synthesis the orientated whisker-reinforced continuous alumina based fibrous matrix composite. The solid content and spinnable viscosity range were enhanced but the zeta potential was reduced by the addition of the mullite whiskers into the sol. The Al oligomers content increased while monomer and Al-13 decreased with the increase of mullite whisker. After sintering at 1250 degrees C, the obtained compact nano grains fibers were reinforced with accordant axial direction whiskers which were orientated by the axial force derived from the spinning process. The phase composition and compact structure were not affected by the presence of the mullite whiskers, while the continuous spinning length became low. Although tensile strength of single composite fiber was decreased at a high mullite whisker content due to the low densification and cracks of composite fiber, whisker bridging and pullout during fiber fracture may have increased the strength at a mullite whisker content of 1 wt.% to 642.6 MPa. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.