All available phase diagram data for the (Nd + Mg + Zn) system were critically assessed. In-situ neutron diffraction (ND) experiments were performed on selected samples to identify phases and transition temperatures. A critical thermodynamic evaluation and optimization of the (Nd + Mg + Zn) system was carried out and model parameters for the thermodynamic properties of all phases were obtained. The phase transformation behaviour of selected samples was well resolved from the ND experiments and experimental values were used to refine the thermodynamic model parameters. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.