In this study, the performance enhancement of CO2 capture and separation by the SiO2 nanoparticles and surfactants is evaluated. The main objectives are to test the dispersion stability of nanofluids (DI water with nanoparticles and surfactants), to quantify the effect of the nanoparticles and surfactants on the CO2 capture and separation performance, and to find the optimum conditions of the nanoparticles and surfactants. It is found that the CO2 capture and separation performances are enhanced up to 13.1% and 7.8% at the nanoparticle concentration of 0.01 vol%, respectively. It is concluded that nanoparticles enhance both CO2 capture and separation rates, while the surfactants enhance the CO2 capture rate but they interrupt the CO2 separation rate.