Investigation on lantibiotics biosynthesis constitutes an emergent field, since these molecules have demonstrated a great potential to replace the so-called "traditional antibiotics". The adaptation of bacteria to laboratory conditions (domestication) is an unpredictable phenomenon, which sometimes is associated with the loss of important biotechnological properties. In this study, the domestication of Bacillus licheniformis was associated with the production of the lantibiotic lichenicidin, a two-peptide lantibiotic with activity against several Gram-positive bacteria.