The ignition delay times of gas-phase Chinese RP-3 kerosene/O-2/Ar mixtures were measured by monitoring pressure and electronically excited OH chemiluminescence signals behind reflected shock waves in a chemical shock tube. The experiments were performed over the temperature range of 1100-1600 K, at pressures of 0.1 MPa, 0.2 MPa, and 0.3 MPa, and for equivalence ratios of 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5. The effects of temperature, pressure, and equivalence ratio on the ignition delay time were also investigated. The results show that a linear relationship exists between the reciprocal of temperature and the logarithm of the ignition delay times, and an increase in temperature results in a decrease in the measured ignition delay times at all conditions. Furthermore, with equivalence ratio decreasing or pressure increasing, the measured ignition delay times are decreasing. A new surrogate fuel consists of n-decane (65 vol%), toluene (10 vol%), and propylcyclohexane (25 vol%) for Chinese RP-3 kerosene was presented and a reaction mechanism consists of 150 chemical species and 591 elemental reactions of this surrogate fuel was developed. Comparisons of the calculated ignition delay times of this surrogate fuel using this reaction mechanism with the experimental ignition delay times of Chinese RP-3 kerosene show excellent agreement.