Surfaces exhibiting superhydrophobicity are attracting commercial and academic attention because of their potential applications in, for example, self-cleaning utensils, microfluidic systems, and microelectronic devices. In this study, we prepared a fluorinated superhydrophobic surface displaying nanoscale roughness, a superhydrophobic surface possessing a micro- and nanoscale binary structure, and a fluorinated superhydrophobic surface possessing such a binary structure. We investigated the effects of the (i) hierarchy of the surface topography and (ii) the surface chemical composition of the superhydrophobic carbon nanotube/polybenzoxazine coatings on their ability to retain superhydrophobicity upon contamination with particles and organic matter, an important characteristic for maintaining non-wetting properties under outdoor conditions. We have found that the topographical microstructure and the surface chemical composition are both important factors for preservation of the non-wetting properties of such superhydrophobic surfaces upon contamination with organic matter. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.