Verticillium dahliae is a soil-borne phytopathogenic fungus that causes vascular wilt diseases in a wide variety of crop plants, resulting in extensive economic losses. In the past 5 years, progress has been made in elaborating the interaction between this hemibiotrophic fungus and its host plants. Some genes responsible for the vegetative growth and/or pathogenicity in V. dahliae have been identified. Plants have accrued a series of defense mechanisms, including inducible defense signaling pathways and some resistant genes to combat V. dahliae infection. Here, we have reviewed the progress in V. dahliae-plant interaction research.