SiC/Si3N4 composites with rod-like microstructure were successfully prepared from a mixture of Dy2O3, amorphous carbon (carbon black) and Si powder in static N-2 atmosphere using combustion synthesis (CS) in combination with a controlled pre-reaction mechanical activation treatment. The results showed that a large number of crystals with rod-like microstructure which were made of SiC and Si3N4 appeared in the product. The present work demonstrated that Dy2O3 is a good additive for the preparation of SiC/Si3N4 composites with rod-like microstructure, and the pressure of N-2 is also an important factor. (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier B.V.