Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics, Vol.177, 46-53, 2012
Similarity solutions for spreading of a two-dimensional non-Newtonian gravity current in a porous layer
We consider the motion of shallow two-dimensional gravity currents of a purely viscous and relatively heavy power-law fluid of flow behavior index n in a uniform saturated porous layer above a horizontal impermeable boundary, driven by the release from a point source of a volume of fluid increasing with time like t(alpha). The equation of motion for power-law fluids in porous media is a modified Darcy's law taking into account the nonlinearity of the rheological equation. Coupling the flow law with the mass balance equation yields a nonlinear differential problem which admits a self-similar solution describing the shape of the current, which spreads like t((alpha+n)/(2+n)), generalizing earlier results for Newtonian fluids. For the particular values alpha = 0 and 2, closed-form solutions are derived; else, a numerical integration is required; the numerical scheme is tested against the analytical solutions. Two additional analytical approximations, valid for any alpha, are presented. The space-time development of the gravity current is discussed for different flow behavior indexes. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.