Basic approaches to design of catalytic systems for homogeneous oxidative functionalization of alkanes in the presence of noble metals are overviewed. Special attention was given to catalytic systems for oxidation of C1-C4 alkanes with dioxygen as a green oxidant and to methods for dioxygen activation with reducing agents. The mechanisms of the relevant reactions are considered. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.