Low dimensional inorganic-organic heterostructure nanomaterials with multiple different functional components attaching at interface have drawn considerable attention over the last decades, due to their excellent optical and electronic properties in comparison with their individual components. Supramolecular self-assembly of disordered building blocks has played an essential role in constructing well-defined functionalized structures. Solid-liquid interfaces are known as ideal platforms in the self-assembly process, thus providing a series of novel and attractive strategies to construct low dimensional inorganic-organic heterostructure nanomaterials with different sizes and shapes. In this review, we summarized low dimensional inorganic-organic heterostructure nanomaterials on the basis of self-assembly that is driven by synergistically metal-ligand coordination and other intermolecular interactions. Both stepwise self-assembly on the inorganic (or organic) solid surface and self-assembly of inorganic-organic building block through hydrogen bond, metal-ligand coordination interaction, pi-pi stacking, hydrophobic interaction, and covalently bonding were discussed. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.