Nanoparticles capped with amine ligands with different steric properties, dodecylamine and oleylamine, respectively, are investigated in the solid state as well as in solution. A combined X-ray diffraction, small angle X-ray scattering and electron microscopy investigation showed that the nanoparticles exhibit the sphalerite modification of ZnS as crystal phase with a diameter of 3-5 nm. A close packing of the monocrystalline nanoparticles in the solid state is observed. However, in the dodecylamine sample, besides spherical particles, a fraction of the nanoparticles is elongated. The nanoparticles are readily resoluble in apolar solvents like hexane. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) and SAXS investigations of the solutions reveal that the nanoparticles are dissolved as singular particles. In the case of oleylamine-capped ZnS, a defined core-shell structure with a ZnS core with a diameter of 4 nm and an organic shell with a thickness of approximately 2 nm have been found. Dodecylamine-capped nanoparticles slightly tend to form agglomerates with a diameter of approximately 40 nm. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.