A lattice Boltzmann simulation of heat transfer for gas flowing in microchannels incorporating surface roughness as characterized by fractal Cantor structure is conducted to investigate the temperature jump at rough gas-solid interfaces in the slip flow regime. The gas temperature jump at rough interface as quantified by the temperature jump length is evaluated and compared with smooth interface. It is indicated that the temperature jump at a rough gas-solid interface is mainly dependent on Knudsen number, Prandtl number, and surface roughness. The presence of roughness is beneficial to the energy exchange at the gas-solid interface and introduces a smaller temperature jump when compared with a smooth surface. The local gas temperatures in the valley of rough surface are approximately equal to the corresponding surface temperatures while an obvious interfacial temperature jump is detected over the peaks of the rough surface. In addition, increase in Prandtl number, roughness height, surface fractal dimension as well as the decrease in Knudsen number can lead to the reduction of interface temperature jump for gas convection heat transfer in microchannels. Interestingly, in microchannels, the roughness height play a considerable role in the temperature jump at the gas-solid interface, however, the effect of fractal dimension on interfacial temperature jump is not so significant. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.