Adsorption-pore (pore size less than 100 nm) and seepage-pore (pore size greater than 100 nm) structures have great effects on gas adsorption/diffusion and gas flow in coal seam, respectively. Pore properties, including porosity, size/volume distribution, volumes, surface fractals, specific surface area, and connectivity, for four coals from Northeast China were acquired through mercury porosimetry, N-2 adsorption at 77 K, small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and their relationships with CH4 adsorption capacity and permeability are investigated. The roughness of pore surface was analyzed with surface fractal dimensions. Obtained values of fractal dimensions from mercury porosimetry and N-2 adsorption at 77 K were comparable with values determined by SAXS measurement. The surface fractals results show that the more irregular surface, the more inhomogeneous pore structures is, meaning more surface area and then stronger adsorption capability, especially for the micropores with sizes in the range of 2-10 nm and the mesopores. Moreover, with the data of petrographic, proximate and ultimate analyses, the ratio of C/H, moisture content, ash yield also have great effects on CH4 adsorption capacity of coals. For bituminous and subbituminous coals, macropores have significant impacts on gas flow. The coals with high contents of macroporosity generally have good gas flow capability. Therefore, they may have significant implications for coalbed methane (CBM) exploitation. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.