This study presents the results of energetic and exergetic analyses of T56 turboprop engine at various power loading operation modes (75%, 100%, Military and Takeoff). The energetic and exergetic performance evaluations were made for both the shaft power (Case A) and the shaft power plus the kinetic energy of exhaust gaseous (Case B). The energetic efficiency was calculated to be maximum at 25.4% for Case A and 28.1% for Case B while the exergy efficiency was obtained to be maximum at 23.8% for Case A and 26.3% for Case B at Takeoff mode, respectively. The maximum exergy destruction rate occurred within the combustion chamber. It increased from 4846.3 kW to 6234.1 kW depending on operation modes. The exergetic performance parameters, such as the relative exergy consumption, the fuel depletion ratio, the productivity lack ratio, the improvement potential and the fuel-production ratio, were also investigated. The fuel energy-production ratio decreased from 4.6 to 3.9 while the fuel exergy-production ratio decreased from 4.9 to 4.2 by increasing the produced shaft power and residual thrust. The results provided here can be helpful to regulate and select operation modes for these engine users. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.