A new strategy in photosynthetic hydrogen (photo-H-2) production from green algae was developed based on theory and successfully demonstrated. The new strategy applied a spectral-selective photosystem I (PSI) activating/photosystem II (PSII) deactivating radiation (or PSI light) that would drive a steady flow of electrons in the electron transport chain for delivery to hydrogenase for photo-H-2 production, but would reduce oxygen production through water photolysis below the respiratory oxygen consumption so that an anoxic condition would be maintained as required by hydrogenase. Implementing the strategy by using a PSI light (692 nm peak, 680-700 nm) on Chlamydomonas reinhardtii cells resulted in relatively sustained photo-H-2 production (total of 0.108 mL H-2 mg(-1) Chl, exceeding 0.066 mL H-2 mg(-1) Chl under white light). The strategy also proved successful and convenient in allowing cells to alternately switch between photo-H-2 production and a recovery period by simply turning on or off the PSI light. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.