Evaluation of bubble suspension behavior in electrolyte melts

Minseong Kim; Kangwook Kim; Munkyeong Hwang; Kyubo Kim; Juhun Song

Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, Vol.31, No.2, 201-210, February, 2014

DOI10.1007/s11814-013-0206-5 Export Citation

Evaluation of bubble suspension behavior in electrolyte melts

Minseong Kim, Kangwook Kim, Munkyeong Hwang, Kyubo Kim¹, and Juhun Song^†

School of Mechanical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Korea
¹Pusan Clean Coal Center, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Korea

E-mail:

The viscosity of a molten electrolyte mixture commonly used in direct coal fuel cells (DCFCs) was evaluated. The measurements were obtained from near the melting temperature to a high temperature at which a considerably bubbly flow was induced by decomposition. A gravity-driven capillary viscometer was employed to obtain the viscosity data under low Reynolds flow conditions, using a modified Poiseuille flow relationship. The importance of carbon dioxide addition in measuring the intrinsic viscosity was clearly observed. In addition, the effect of the bubble suspension on the viscosity was quantified in terms of the volume fraction and capillary number. The results showed that the increase in viscosity was best explained only by the difference in the volume fraction of spherical bubbles in the electrolyte melt.

Keywords:Direct Coal Fuel Cell (DCFC);Electrolyte Melt;Viscosity;Bubble Suspension;Volume Fraction

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[2] Wolverine Tube Inc., Void fractions in two phase flows, in Engineering Data Book III, Available Online (2007)

[3] Denkov ND, Tcholakova S, Golemanov K, Subramanian V, Lips A, Colloids Surf.: A Physicochem. Eng. Aspects, 282, 327 (2006)

[4] Hoehler R, Cohen-Addad S, J. Phys. Condens. Matter, 117, 1041 (2005)

[5] Xu Q, Rossen WR, Colloids Surfaces: A Physicochem. Eng. Aspects, 216, 175 (2003)

[6] Hackett GA, Zondlo JW, Svensson R, J. Power Sources, 168(1), 111 (2007)

[7] Cao D, Sun Y, Wang G, J. Power Sources, 167, 250 (2007)

[8] Murai Y, Oiwa H, Fluid Dynamics Research, 40, 565 (2008)

[9] Kameda M, Katsumata T, Ichihara M, Fluid Dynamics Research, 40, 576 (2008)

[10] Manga M, Lowwenberg M, J. Volcanol. Geothermal Res, 105, 19 (2001)

[11] Rust AC, Manga M, J. Non-Newtonian Fluid Mech, 104, 53 (2002)

[12] Rust AC, Manga M, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 249(2), 476 (2002)

[13] Llewellin EQ, Manga M, J. Volcanol. Geothermal Res., 143, 205 (2005)

[14] Wilke IHJ, Kryk IH, Hartman IJ, Wagner W, Theory and praxis of capillary viscometer, Chapter 2, Available Online (2007)

[15] GA Nunez, MI Briceno, DD Joseph, T Asa, Colloidal coal in water suspensions, Available Online (2005)

[16] White FM, Fluid mechanics, 2nd Ed., McGraw-Hill (2001)

[17] Morrison FA, Shear viscosity measurement in a capillary rheometer, Available Online as Lecture Note (2007)

[18] Sowinski J, Dziubinski M, Proceedings of European Congress of Chemical Engineering (ECCE-6), Copenhagen (2007)

[19] Hewitt GF, in Handbook of Multiphase Systems, G. Hetsroni, Ed., McGraw-Hill, New York (1982)

[20] Electrolyte, http://www.doitpoms.ac.uk/tlplib/fuel-cells/mcfc_electrolyte. php, Available Online (2013)

[21] Ejima T, Sato Y, Yamamura T, Tamal K, Hasebe M, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 32, 180 (1987)

[22] Kreiger IM, Dougherty TJ, Trans. Soc. Rheol., 3, 137 (1959)

[23] Taylor GI, Proc. R. Soc. London, Ser. A, 138, 41 (1932)

[24] Frankel NA, Acrivos A, J. Fluid Mech., 44, 65 (1970)

[25] Hinchi EJ, Acrivos A, J. Fluid Mech., 98, 305 (1980)

[26] L'vov BV, Thermochim. Acta, 386(1), 1 (2002)

[27] Incropera FP, DeWitt DP, Fundamentals of heat and mass transfer, Chapter 10, 6th Ed., Wiley (2006)

[28] L’vov BV, J. Thermal Anal. Calorimetry, 96, 487 (2009)

[29] Turns SR, Introduction to combustion: Concepts and applications, Chapter 3, 2nd Ed., McGraw-Hill (2000)

[30] Stern KH, Weise EL, National Bureau of Standards, 30 (1969)

[31] L'vov BV, Thermochim. Acta, 373(2), 97 (2001)

[32] Lee SC, Kim MS, Hwang MK, Kim KB, Jeon CH, Song JH, Experiments in Fluid and Thermal Science, 49, 94 (2013)

[33] Rohsenow WM, Trans. ASME, 74, 969 (1952)

[34] Vachon RI, J. Heat Transfer, 90, 239 (1968)

[35] Han CD, King RG, J. Rheol., 24, 213 (1980)

[36] Choi SJ, Schowalter WR, Phys. Fluids, 18, 420 (1974)