용융염 전해질에서 용융탄산염 연료전지 분리재의 고온특성

박형호; 이규택; Goto S

Journal of the Korean Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Vol.6, No.2, 299-305, April, 1995

High-Temperature Characteristics of Separator Material for Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell at the Molten Carbonate Electrolyte

박형호, 이규택, Goto S

초록

본 연구에서는 분리재로 오스테나이트계 스테인레스강 중 310S, 316강을 사용하여 전해질 분위기하에서 분리재의 내식성, 부식거동, 부식산물 형성과정 및 합금원소들의 영향 등을 SEM-EPMA와 X-RD분석을 통해 조사하였다. 내식성은 316강에 비해 310S강이 우수하였으며, 부식 진행과정은 부식산물 형성단계와 부식 억제단계 및 부식 진행단계의 3단계 과정을 경유하였다. 원소들의 거동은 부식산물 형성영역에서는 Fe가, 부식 방어영역에서는 Cr이, 그리고 Ni은 Cr고갈영역과 기지 안쪽에서 부하게 형성되었으며, Mo은 Cr과 같은 거동을 보였다. 부식산물의 형성과정은 부식초기 단계에서는 LiFe₅O₈과 LiFeO₂였으나 최종 안정 부식산물은 LiFeO₂였다.

310S, 316 among the austenitic stainless steel were used as separator material in this study. Corrosion resistance, corrosion behavior, the formation of corrosion products and the effects of alloying elements were examined by the SEM-EPMA and XRD on the separator material at the electrolyte condition. Corrosion resistance of the 310S was higher than that of the 316. Corrosion proceeded via three steps; a formation step of corrosion products, a protection step against corrosion and a advance step of corrosion. From the standpoint of the behavior of the elements in the specimen, Fe, and Cr, Ni were formed richly in the region of corrosion product, in the region of corrosion protection, and at the Cr-depleted zone respectively. Mo showed the same behavior as Cr. With respect to the formation of corrosion products, LiFe₅O₈ and LiFeO₂ were the corrosion products at the corrosion initial stage, but LiFeO₂ was the final corrosion product.

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[1] Szego G, Economics, Logistics and Optimization of Fuel Cells, Institute for Defense Analysis Research Paper, 208 (1965)

[2] United Technologies, Inc., Connecticut, Final Report for "On Site Fuel Cell Resource Conservation in Industrial Process Application," FCR 0439, Oct 3 (1977)

[3] Appleby AJ, Foulkes FR, "Fuel Cell Handbook," Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York (1989)

[4] Fickett AP, "Handbook of Batteires and Fuel Cells," Part 6 (1984)

[5] Baker BS, Proc. Symp. Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell Technology 13 (1984)

[6] Nguyen QM, J. Power Sources, 24, 1 (1988)

[7] Kinoshita K, Melarnon FR, Cairns EJ, Fuel Cells A Handbook Prepared by the United States Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC03-76SF00098 (1988)

[8] "Development of MCFC Power Plant Technology," U.T.C. for Quarteny Technical Progress Report No. 22, Jan. 1 ~ Mar. 31 (1985)

[9] Yuh CY, Corrosion Mar 9 ~ 13, 267 (1987)

[10] Pigeaud A, Skok AJ, Thin Solid Films, 83, 449 (1981)

[11] Singh P, "Corrosion Prevention in MCFC," NACE 86 (1986)

[12] Maru HC, Proc. Second International Symp. Molten Salts, J. Braunstein and J.R. Selman, Eds., PV81-10, Electrochem. Soc., Pennington, New Jersey (1982)

[13] "Corrosion of Materials in MCFC," Final Report Contract DE-AC21-86MC23265, IHI Research Institute, Chicago (1990)

[14] Yuh C, Johnsen R, Farooque M, Maru H, Proc. Third Internat. Symp. Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell Technology, D. Shores and J.R. Selman, Eds., Electrochem. Soc., Pennington, New Jersey (1993)

[15] Peckner, "Handbook of Stainless Steels," McGraw-Hill, Book Co. 4-35 (1977)