화학공학소재연구정보센터
홈 로그인 로그아웃 연락처 사이트맵
Macromolecular Research, Vol.21, No.10, 1075-1082, October, 2013
DOI10.1007/s13233-013-1137-z  Export Citation
Effect of hyaluronic acid (HA) in a HA/PLGA scaffold on annulus fibrosus regeneration: In vivo tests
Jeong Eun Song, Min Jeong Kim, Hyeon Yoon, Hanna Yoo, Yu Jeong Lee, Ha Neul Kim, Dongwon Lee, Soon Hong Yuk1, and Gilson Khang†
  • Department of BIN Fusion Tech., Polymer Fusion Res. Center & Department of Polymer Nano Sci. Tech., Chonbuk National University, Jeonbuk, 561-756, Korea
  • 1College of Pharmacy, Korea University, Sejong, 339-700, Korea
E-mail:
Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is an age-related process that affects the biomechanical properties of the spine and is assumed to be one of the principal causes of low back pain. Poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) and hyaluronic acid (HA) have been widely used as biocompatible scaffold materials for tissue regeneration. In the present study, we fabricated a microporous PLGA scaffold by the salt-leaching method and HA-loaded PLGA scaffolds by the penetrating method. As the porosity of PLGA and PLGA/HA is 90.7% and 96.5%, respectively, PLGA/HA scaffold has the higher porosity. However, the pore size of PLGA (240.7±14.0 μm) is the larger than HA/PLGA (212.0±12.5 μm), and cells from the annulus fibrosus (AF) were seeded into the scaffolds. For the in vivo study, the PLGA and HA/PLGA scaffolds were implanted in four-week-old nude mice. All scaffolds were characterized using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), and the amounts of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) and collagen in the scaffolds were determined by a spectrophotometer. Histological evaluation indicated the higher level of AF cell proliferation in the HA/PLGA scaffold than in PLGA scaffolds alone. In addition, AF cells showed the stronger production of GAG and collagen in HA/PLGA. Our results indicate that the HA/PLGA scaffold might be useful for intervertebral disc regeneration.
Keywords:poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA);hyaluronic acid (HA);annulus fibrosus;in vivo
  1. Mochida J, J. Orthop. Sci., 10, 112 (2005)
  2. Alini M, Li W, Markovic P, Aebi M, Spiro RC, Roughley PJ, Spine, 28, 446 (2003)
  3. An HS, Thonar EJ, Masuda K, Spine, 28, S86 (2003)
  4. Vacanti JP, Langer R, Upton J, Marler JJ, Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev., 33, 165 (1998)
  5. Chang G, Kim H, Novakovic GV, Kaplan DL, Kandel R, J. Biomed. Mater. Res., 92, 43 (2010)
  6. Richardson SM, Walkera RV, Parker S, Rhodes NP, Hunt JA, Freemont AJ, Hoyland JA, Stem Cells, 24, 707 (2006)
  7. Kim YJ, Yu H, Song JE, Iwasaki Y, Lee D, Khang GS, Int. J. Tissue Reg., 2, 45 (2011)
  8. Fuentes MG, Meinel AJ, Hilbe M, Meinel L, Merkle HP, Biomaterials, 30, 5068 (2009)
  9. Atala A, J. Endourol, 14, 49 (2000)
  10. Zhang N, Yan H, Wen X, Brain Res. Rev., 49, 48 (2005)
  11. Sakai D, Mochida J, Yamamoto Y, Nomura T, Okuma M, Nishimura K, Nakai T, Ando K, Hotta T, Biomaterials, 24, 3531 (2003)
  12. Munirah S, Yoon SJ, Ko YK, Ha HJ, Kim SH, So JW, Ruszymah BHI, Khang G, J. Biomater. Sci.-Polym. Ed., 19, 1219 (2008)
  13. Oh YA, Kim SH, Lee SJ, Yoo JJ, van Dyke M, Rhee JM, Khang G, Polym.(Korea), 32(5), 403 (2008)
  14. Kim OY, Kim SJ, Song YS, Jo EH, Hwang JH, Bae JY, Yoo IS, Lee D, Yoon KH, Khang G, Int. J. Tissue Reg., 2, 13 (2011)
  15. Khang G, Rhee JM, Shin P, Kim IY, Lee B, Lee SJ, Lee YM, Lee HB, Lee I, Macromol. Res., 10(3), 158 (2002)
  16. Ko YK, Kim SH, Jeong JS, Ha HJ, Yoon SJ, Rhee JM, Kim MS, Lee HB, Khang G, Polym.(Korea), 31(1), 14 (2007)
  17. Mauney JR, Jaquiery C, Volloch V, Heberer M, Martin I, Kaplan DL, Biomaterials, 26, 3173 (2005)
  18. Isobe I, Michikawa M, Yanagisawa K, Neurosci. Lett., 266, 129 (1999)
  19. Ha HJ, Kim SH, Yoon SJ, Park SW, So JW, Rhee JM, Kim MS, Khang G, Lee HB, Polym.(Korea), 32(1), 26 (2008)
  20. Lee SJ, Lee IW, Lee YM, Lee HB, Khang G, J. Biomater. Sci.-Polym. Ed., 15, 1003 (2004)
  21. Nacayama GR, Caton MC, Nova MP, Parandoosh Z, J. Immunol. Methods, 204, 205 (1997)
  22. Khang G, Jeon JH, Cho JC, Rhee JM, Lee HB, Polym.(Korea), 23, 861 (1997)
  23. Khang G, Jeon EK, Rhee JM, Lee I, Lee SJ, Lee HB, Macromol. Res., 11(5), 334 (2003)
  24. Kinghan PJ, Kalbermatten DF, Mahay D, Armstrong SJ, Wiberg M, Terenghi G, Exp. Neurol., 207, 267 (2007)
  25. Sagnella S, Anderson E, Sanabria N, Marchant RE, Kottke-Marchant, Tissue Eng., 11, 226 (2005)
  26. Iwasaki Y, Sawada S, Nakabayashi N, Khang G, Lee HB, Ishihara K, Biomaterials, 20, 2185 (1999)
  27. Yoon SJ, Kim SH, Ha HJ, Ko YK, So KW, Kim MS, Yang YI, Khang G, Lee JM, Lee HB, Tissue Eng. A, 14(4), 539 (2008)
  28. Garcia-Fuentes M, Meinel AJ, Hilbe M, Meinel L, Merkle HP, Biomaterials, 30, 5068 (2009)
  29. Lim JY, Kim SH, Khang G, Rhee JM, Polym.(Korea), 32(5), 415 (2008)
  30. Yu H, Shin YN, Kim HE, Jeoung SY, Lee YM, Song BJ, Song JE, Lee D, Khang G, Int. J. Tissue Reg., 2, 95 (2011)
  31. Holland SJ, Tighe BJ, Could DL, J. Control. Release, 4, 155 (1986)
  32. Santin M, Motta A, Freddi G, Cannas M, J. Biomed. Mater. Res., 46, 382 (1999)
  33. Kim HL, Kim SJ, Yoo H, Hong M, Lee D, Khang G, Int. J. Tissue Reg., 1, 81 (2010)
  34. Stegemann H, Stalder K, Clin. Chim. Acta., 18, 267 (1967)
  35. So JW, Jang JW, Kim SH, Choi JH, Rhee JM, Min BH, Khang GS, Polym.(Korea), 32(6), 516 (2008)
  36. Chen G, Sato T, Ushida T, Hirochika R, Tateishi T, Febs Lett., 542, 95 (2003)