Silver ions previously intercalated into a montmorillonite (MMT) interlayer were reduced by sodium borohydride forming a nanocomposite of MMT and silver nanoparticles (Ag-MMT) with no other stabilizing additives. Within 360 min no coagulation of an aqueous Ag-MMT dispersion was observed. However, after 24 h the coagulation was indicated by a red shift of absorption maximum from 408 nm to 434 nm and by broadening of the absorbance band. The nanocomposite was characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and measurements of specific surface area (SSA). It contained 4.94 wt. % of silver. Ag nanopartides with an average size of 6.9 nm were located on the external MMT surface, mostly in its pores. Ag-MMT was used as a catalyst for reduction of 4-nitrophenol with sodium borohydride forming 4-aminophenol. After 30 s the reaction kinetics changed from zero order to first order, which was explained by means of the Langmuir-Hinshelwood model. The whole reduction was completed after 290 s. During this time min. 95 wt. % of Ag nanoparticles stayed fixed on the MMT support. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.