In order to further investigate shear-induced interfacial crystallization of polymer-based composites, an improved fiber-pulling device was designed and built. Its peculiar characteristic is that a force transducer is assembled to in situ monitor the variation of interfacial shear stress between the polymer matrix and pulling fiber. Thus, the relationship between interfacial shear stress and the subsequent crystalline morphology can be quantitatively established. In the preliminary study via this device, isotactic polypropylene (iPP)/glass fiber composite was adopted as a model system. The results indicate that interfacial crystallization kinetics is promoted by the presence of interfacial shear stress. Furthermore, there are two thresholds of interfacial shear stress for interfacial crystalline morphology. To be specific, one (0.017 MPa) is for the induction of iPP nucleation, above which alpha-form iPP crystals are obviously encouraged during the subsequent isothermal crystallization; the other is for the generation of beta-form iPP crystals (0.042 MPa), above which beta-form crystals are favored to be triggered in the transcrystalline region.