In this study, lauryl methacrylate grafted onto bamboo fibers (BF-g-LM) was prepared to improve the interfacial compatibility between hydrophilic bamboo fibers (BFs) and hydrophobic plastic. The lauryl methacrylate (LM) was initiated by benzoxyl peroxide (BPO) and grafted onto BFs via a free-radical chain-transfer reaction. LM was grafted onto BFs with ether bonds, and differential scanning calorimetry indicated that the ether pyrolysis of BF-g-LM occurred at 280 degrees C. The optimum preparation conditions were obtained as follows: 0.30 g of pretreated bamboo flour was immersed in 0.225 mol/L LM. The reaction was then initiated by 0.025 mol/L BPO, and this reaction was sustained for 4 h at 80 degrees C. BF-g-LM served as coupling agent between the BFs and the polypropylene (PP) matrix, as shown by scanning electron microscopy analysis. The elongation at break of the BF/PP composites with BF-g-LM increased to two times compared to that of the BF/PP composites without BF-g-LM. The impact strength and maximum deflection also increased to 75 and 580%, respectively. In conclusion, BF-g-LM is a promising coupling agent that can be used in BF-reinforced thermoplastic composites. (c) 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 130: 2377-2382, 2013