Knowledge of thermal behavior of electrolyte is important for fuel cell fabrication. In this study, using high-temperature X-ray diffraction analysis (HT-XRD) and thermo-mechanical analysis (TMA), a systematic investigation of lattice constants was performed on Y-doped BaZrO3, which is a promising candidate for electrolyte in protonic ceramic fuel cells. The results revealed that a chemical expansion was observed between 300 degrees C and 450 degrees C during the heating process in HT-XRD, and was attributed to the dehydration of BZY. Furthermore, it was found that the lattice constants of the samples doped with Y, Sm, Eu, and Dy were larger for the ones finally heat-treated at 1600 degrees C for sintering than those heat-treated at 1300 degrees C for synthesizing. The similar behavior was not observed in Sc-doped samples.