Regeneration of catalyst clay soils (Tonsil CO 610 G) by supercritical carbon dioxide

Hamid Rajaei; Ali Akbar Golchehreh; Ali Zeinolabedini Hezave; Feridun Esmaeilzadeh

Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, Vol.30, No.4, 842-851, April, 2013

DOI10.1007/s11814-013-0006-y Export Citation

Regeneration of catalyst clay soils (Tonsil CO 610 G) by supercritical carbon dioxide

Hamid Rajaei, Ali Akbar Golchehreh, Ali Zeinolabedini Hezave¹, and Feridun Esmaeilzadeh^†

Chemical and Petroleum Engineering Department, School of Engineering, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
¹Islamic Azad University, Dashtestan Branch, Borazjan, Iran

E-mail:

Extraction of deactivatived materials from contaminated clay soils (Tonsil CO 610 G) by supercritical carbon dioxide was investigated. Effect of different conditions including extraction temperature (308.15-338.15 K) and pressure (100-330 bar) (thermodynamic conditions), flow rate (4.2-42.6 cc/min), and static time (45-85 min) were investigated to find the optimum conditions for extraction of deactivatived materials. Based on the different experiments, optimum conditions for flow rate (4.2 cc/min), static time (85 min) and extraction pressure and temperature (330 bar and 313.15 K) were obtained. In addition, the GC-MS analysis and Bromine index (BI) analysis were revealing that the clay soil is activated and could be used as catalyst again.

Keywords:Supercritical Carbon Dioxide;Tonsil CO 610 G;Extraction;Soil Contamination;Regeneration

[References]

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[1] Boutin O, Badens E, J. Food Eng., 92(4), 396 (2009)

[2] Tonthubthimthong P, Chuaprasert S, Douglas P, Luewisutthichat W, J. Food Eng., 47(4), 289 (2001)

[3] Ge FH, Lin XX, Huan XF, Shi Q, Liang B, Li J, Zhong G, J. Chin. Med. Mater., (in Chinese)., 25, 101 (2002)

[4] Kumoro AC, Hasan M, Chin. J. Chem. Eng., 15(6), 877 (2007)

[5] Chen KX, Zhang XY, Pan J, Zhang WC, Yong J, Yin WH, J. Cryst. Growth, 258(1-2), 163 (2003)

[6] Chen KX, Zhang XY, Pan J, Yin WH, J. Cryst. Growth, 274(1-2), 226 (2005)

[7] Brady BO, Kao CP, Gambrell RP, Dooley KM, Knopf FC, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 26, 261 (1987)

[8] Dooley KM, Kao CP, Gambrell RP, Knopf FC, Ind. Eng.Chem. Res., 26, 2058 (1987)

[9] Dooley KM, Ghonasgi D, Gambrell RP, Knopf FC, Environ. Prog., 9, 197 (1990)

[10] Hawthorne SB, Miller DJ, J. Chromatog., 403, 63 (1987)

[11] Hawthorne SB, Miller DJ, Anal. Chem., 1705 (1987)

[12] McNally ME, Wheeler JR, J. Chromatog., 447, 53 (1988)

[13] Andrews TA, Ahlert RC, Kosson DC, Environ. Prog., 9, 204 (1990)

[14] Hess RK, Erkey C, Akgerman A, J. Supercrit. Fluids., 4, 47 (1991)

[15] Akgerman A, Erkey C, Ghoreishi SM, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 31, 333 (1992)

[16] Kothandaraman S, Alhert RC, Venkataramani ES, Andrews AT, Environ. Prog., 11, 220 (1992)

[17] Lopez-Avila V, Beckert WF, Supercritical fluid extraction in environmental analysis. supercritical fluid technology: Theoretical and applied approaches to analytical chemistry, Bright F, McNally M, Eds., ACS Symposium Series 488; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC (1992)

[18] Lee H, Peart TE, Hong-You RL, J. Chromatog., 605, 109 (1992)

[19] Laitinen A, Michaux A, Aaltonen O, Environ. Technol., 15, 715 (1994)

[20] Macnaughton SJ, Foster NR, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 33(11), 2757 (1994)

[21] Saldana MDA, Nagpal V, Guigard SE, Environ. Technol., 26, 1013 (2005)

[22] Camel V, Analyst., 126, 1182 (2001)

[23] Bjorklund E, Nilsson T, Bowadt S, Pilorz K, Mathiasson L, Hawthorne SB, J. Biochem. Bioph. Methods., 43, 295 (2000)

[24] Hawthorne SB, King JW, Principles and practice of analytical SFE, chromatography: Principles and practice. II. Practical supercritical fluid chromatography and extraction, Harwood Academic Publishers, 219 (1999)

[25] Bowadt S, Hawthorne SB, J. Chromatog. A., 703, 549 (1995)

[26] Brown SH, Waldecker JR, Lourvanij M, Process for reducing bromine index of hydrocarbon feedstocks: The United States, US 7744750[P] (2005)

[27] Chen CW, Wu WJ, Zeng XS, Jiang ZH, Shi L, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 48(23), 10359 (2009)

[28] Stephen HB, Terry EH, Arthur PW, Decreasing BI-reactive contaminants: The United States, US 6368496B1[P] (2002)

[29] Brown SH, Helton TE, Werner AP, Decreasing Br-reactive contaminants in aromatic streams: The United States, US 6781023[P] (2004)

[30] Rajaei H, Amin A, Golchehre A, Esmaeilzadeh F, J. Supercrit.Fluids., 67, 1 (2012)

[31] Hawthorne SB, Galy AB, Schmitt VO, Miller DJ, Anal.Chem., 67, 2723 (1995)

[32] Langenfeld JJ, Hawthorne SB, Miller DJ, Pawliszyn J, Anal. Chem., 65, 338 (1993)

[33] Chen P, Zhou W, Tavlarides LL, Environ. Prog., 16, 227 (1997)

[34] Hartonen K, Bowadt S, Hawthorne SB, Riekkola MJ, J.Chromatog. A., 774, 229 (1997)

[35] Bjoerklund E, Bowadt S, Mathiasson L, Hawthorne SB, J.Environ. Sci. Technol., 33, 2193 (1999)

[36] Langenfeld JJ, Hawthorne SB, Miller DJ, Pawliszyn J, Anal. Chem., 67, 1727 (1995)

[37] Yang Y, Gharaibeh A, Hawthorne SB, Miller DJ, Anal.Chem., 67, 641 (1995)

[38] Langenfeld JJ, Hawthorne SB, Miller DJ, Pawliszyn J, Anal. Chem., 65, 338 (1993)