Synthesis and Characterization of Water Soluble Functionalized Amorphous Carbon Nanotube-Poly(vinyl alcohol) Composite

Diptonil Banerjee; Arunava Jha; Kalyan Kumar Chattopadhyay

Macromolecular Research, Vol.20, No.10, 1021-1028, October, 2012

DOI10.1007/s13233-012-0154-7 Export Citation

Synthesis and Characterization of Water Soluble Functionalized Amorphous Carbon Nanotube-Poly(vinyl alcohol) Composite

Diptonil Banerjee¹, Arunava Jha¹, and Kalyan Kumar Chattopadhyay^{1, 2, †}

¹Thin Film & Nanoscience Laboratory, Department of Physics, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700 032, India, Korea
²Nanoscience and Technology Center, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700 032, India

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A simple low-temperature synthesis method of amorphous carbon nanotubes (a-CNTs) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) composite thin films has been reported. Initially the a-CNTs have been functionalized by acid treatment for getting better dispersion in water. The functionalized a-CNTs show much enhanced solubility in water. The microstructures of the as-prepared tubes, functionalized tubes, and PVA-a-CNTs composite have been investigated with the help of a field emission scanning electron microscope. A detailed study on the structural, optical, and thermal properties and a hardness test of the composite has revealed that a-CNTs can act as good reinforcement materials such as crystalline CNTs, when composites are made with polymers. Also, it has been shown that the sheet resistance of the PVA-a-CNTs composite monotonically decreases with increasing a-CNTs concentrations in the composites. Optical studies showed a shift in the optical gap indicating the formation of cross-linking into the host matrix. The composite shows a higher crystallinity with increased a-CNTs concentration, compared to pure PVA. The swelling test shows that due to the introduction of the carboxylic group into a-CNTs’ walls, it gradually becomes hydrophilic.

Keywords:amorphous materials;polymer;chemical synthesis;electron microscopy;optical properties.

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[2] Chuang FY, Sun CY, Cheng HF, Wang WC, Lin IN, Appl. Surf. Sci., 113-114, 259 (1997)

[3] Hong SH, Winter JJ, Appl. Phys., 98, 124304 (2005)

[4] Kumar S, Dixit PN, Panwar OS, Bhattacharya R, Diam. Relat. Mater., 12, 1576 (2003)

[5] Iijima S, Nature., 354, 56 (1991)

[6] Hofmann S, Ducati C, Kleinsorge B, Robertson J, Appl.Phys. Lett., 83, 4661 (2003)

[7] Liu B, Jia D, Zhou, Feng H, Meng Q, Carbon., 45, 1710 (2007)

[8] Xiong Y, Xie Y, Li X, Li Z, Carbon., 42, 1447 (2004)

[9] Jha A, Banerjee D, Chattopadhyay KK, Carbon., 49, 1272 (2011)

[10] Ahmed SE, Das S, Mitra MK, Chattopadhy KK, Appl. Surf. Sci., 254(2), 610 (2007)

[11] Sun T, Wang GJ, Liu H, Feng L, Jiang L, Zhu DB, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 125(49), 14996 (2003)

[12] Awasthi K, Awasthi S, Srivastava A, Kamalakaran E, Talapatra S, Ajayan PM, Srivastava ON, Nanotechnology., 17, 5417 (2006)

[13] Basavaraja C, Kim BS, Huh DS, Macromol. Res., 19(3), 233 (2011)

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[15] Naebe M, Lin T, Staiger MP, Dai L, Wang X, Nanotechnology., 19, 305702 (2008)

[16] Cadek M, Coleman JN, Barron V, Hedicke K, Blau WJ, Appl. Phys. Lett., 81, 5123 (2002)

[17] Chen W, Tao XM, Xue P, Cheng XY, Appl. Surf. Sci., 252(5), 1404 (2005)

[18] Yang W, Thordarson P, Gooding JJ, Ringer SP, Braet P, Nanotechnology., 18, 412001 (2007)

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[20] Kang S, Pinault M, Pfefferle LD, Elimelech M, Langmuir, 23(17), 8670 (2007)

[21] Osorio AG, Silveira ICL, Bueno VL, Bergmann CP, Appl. Surf. Sci., 255(5), 2485 (2008)

[22] Khashaba RM, Moussa M, Koch C, Jurgensen AR, Missimer DM, Rutherford R;, Chutkan NB, Borke JL, Int. J. Biomater., 2011, 467641 (2011)

[23] Naebe M, Lin T, Tian W, Dai L, Wang X, Nanotechnology., 18, 225605 (2007)

[24] Minus ML, Chae HG, Kumar S, Polymer, 47(11), 3705 (2006)

[25] Dubnikova I, Kuvardina E, Krasheninnikov V, Lomakin S, Tchmutin I, Kuznetsov S, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 117(1), 259 (2010)

[26] Basiuk EV, Anis A, Bandyopadhyaya S, Zauco EA, ChanaSLI, Basiuk VA, Superlattices Microstruct., 46, 379 (2009)

[27] Bhajantri RF, Ravindrachary V, Harisha A, Crasta V, Nayak SP, Poojary B, Polymer, 47(10), 3591 (2006)

[28] Devi CU, Sharma AK, Rao VVRN, Mater. Lett., 56, 167 (2002)

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[30] Ricciardi R, Auriemma F, Gaillet C, De Rosa C, Laupretre F, Macromolecules, 37(25), 9510 (2004)

[31] Tong X, Zheng J, Lu Y, Zhang Z, Cheng H, Mater. Lett., 61, 1704 (2007)

[32] Dai CA, Hsiao CC, Weng SC, Kao AC, Liu CP, Tsai WB, Chen WS, Liu WM, Shih WP,Ma CC, Smart Mater. Struct., 18, 085016 (2009)

[33] Wang Z, Ciselli P, Peijs T, Nanotechnology., 18, 455709 (2007)

[34] Yang BX, Shi JH, Pramoda KP, Goh SH, Compos.Sci. Technol., 68, 2490 (2008)

[35] Zhao B, Wang J, Li Z, Liu P, Chen D, Zhang Y, Mater. Lett., 62, 4380 (2008)