Neutron scattering experiments have been carried out on low-coverage films of the aromatic p-phenylene oligomer molecules (p-nP. C(6n)H(10) (+) (4(n-2)), where n indicates the number of phenyl units per molecule) physisorbed onto the surface of graphite. The molecular arrangement within these films has been determined as a function of temperature, number of molecular layers, and molecular length. Analysis of the diffraction data reveals two-dimensional film structures consistent for molecules having their long-axis parallel to the underlying substrate. The experimental measurements provide evidence for a melting transition in a monolayer film and thermal expansion of a bilayer film of p-terphenyl (p-3P). The planes of the phenyl rings are approximately parallel to the substrate in the monolayer structure but rotate out of this plane by 60 +/- 20 degrees in the bilayer film of p-3P. As the number of phenyl units is increased from n = 3 to n = 6, bilayer structures are observed having similar packing arrangements of the molecules but with lattice parameters that scale with molecular length. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.