We have developed the flexible Cu(In,Ga)Se-2 (CIGS) solar cells on the stainless steel substrates with the insulating layer for the fabrication of the integrated module. The CIGS films have strong adhesion to the Mo films with insulating layers. An efficiency of 12.3% was achieved by the flexible CIGS solar cell with a structure of ITO/ZnO/CdS/CIGS/MO/SiO2/ stainless steel. The insertion of the SiO2 insulating layer did not have an influence on the formation of the CIGS film and solar cell performances. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.