Journal of Applied Polymer Science, Vol.66, No.9, 1803-1820, 1997
Reactive Surfactants in Heterophase Polymerization .6. Synthesis and Screening of Polymerizable Surfactants (Surfmers) with Varying Reactivity in High Solids Styrene Butyl Acrylate Acrylic-Acid Emulsion Polymerization
Several polymerizable surfactants (surfmers) have been used in the semicontinuous emulsion copolymerization of styrene, butyl acrylate, and acrylic acid. Three of the (anionic) surfmers (sodium 11-crotonoyl undecan-1-yl sulfate, sodium 11-methacryloyl undecan-1-sulfate, and sodium sulfopropyl tetradecyl maleate) were prepared in house with purities between 53 and 82%. Physicochemical properties such as the critical micelle concentration, the adsorption isotherm, and the specific adsorption area were determined. The surfmers were then used with constant addition profiles in semicontinuous reactions, and the instantaneous conversions of the main monomers determined. The particle size, amount of coagulum, surface tension, and stability against electrolyte solutions of the latices were evaluated. Films were cast of some of the latices, and the visual appearance and water adsorption were assessed.
Keywords:VINYL-ACETATE;SODIUM 10-UNDECENOATE;ACTIVE INITIATORS;MECHANISM;MONOMERS;KINETICS;METHACRYLATE;COMONOMER;BEHAVIOR;LATEXES