Few years ago, the Fraunhofer Institute for Chemical Technology started researching the detection of the explosive TNT (2,4,6-trinitrotoluene) in contaminated soil. This research resulted in a European patent and a sensor prototype. After successful transfer of the developed detection technology from the solid to the gaseous phase, nearly 20 additional explosives were researched. Most of these explosives were nitroaromatic compounds, but in the last few years some work has also been done with peroxide explosives as a response to terrorist threats. The current article shows the good ability of electrochemical sensors to the trace detection or discrimination of explosives.