Polyurethanes, based on 2-[bis(2-hydroxyethyl)methylammonio]ethylstearylphosphate, alone or together with 1,4-butanediol as the chain extender, poly(isoprene) diol and 4,4’-methylenediphenyl diisocyanate, were prepared. These segmented phospholipid polyurethanes were characterized by IR, elemental analyses, and gel permeation chromatography. The polyurethane, with both phospholipid diol and 1,4-butanediol as the chain extender, was further investigated by differential scanning calorimetry, x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, plasma contact and clotting time. An x-ray diffraction measurement for the polymer shows a intense scattering at 79.3 Angstrom, corresponding to the length of soft segments, which is hydrophobic poly(isoprene), and a weak diffuse scattering at 5.1 Angstrom, corresponding to the distance between the hydrophobic poly(isoprene) layers. The hemocompatibilities of the polymer were evaluated by platelet rich plasma contacting studies and by scanning electron microscopy using medical grade poly(vinyl chloride) as control. The hot-pressed films of the polymer exhibit a favorable surface in terms of platelet adhesion, and the morphology of adhered platelets undergoes to a relatively lower degree of variation compared to poly(vinyl chloride). Moreover, the clotting time of the polymer in contact with human platelet rich plasma was 220, 100, and 86 s for the phospholipid-based polyurethane, poly(vinyl chloride), and glass, respectively.