The informativity of C-13 NMR spectroscopy as applied to solving the class of problems based on the data of comparative analysis of objects has been evaluated using a material from the southern part of the Anadyr oil-and-gas basin (saturated-hydrocarbon fractions of crude oils and bitumenoids). A set of 27 parameters measured from C-13 NMR spectra has been proposed to characterize the composition of the samples with different degrees of detailing the structure of all components of the fractions. Methods for the determination of the degree of closeness of the sample composition have been considered, and it has been shown that not all of them satisfy the natural requirement of transitivity. A simple comparison procedure has been proposed for the case of multiparameter description of the fractions, with the values of the parameters lying in a wide range that has the property of transitivity on the material in question. It has been shown that C-13 NMR radically extends the capabilities of the comparative analysis of the composition of crude oils relative to the conventional methods (GLC, GC-MS). In contrast to the results of study of the individual composition of saturated hydrocarbons (including the presumably most informative data on the composition of cyclic biomarkers), the C-13 NMR data for the given material revealed a regular change of oils from the bottom up the section and to establish that the bitumenoids from its lowest part has nothing in common with the crude oils examined. The analytical parameters derived from the C-13 NMR spectral data are not, in this case, too sensitive to inevitable variations in composition associated with sampling procedures or other insignificant factors. Thus, the generally accepted view on C-13 NMR as a technique useless for tackling this class of problems can be regarded as refuted.