Isobaric heat capacities in the liquid and in the solid phases of seven isomeric pentanols were measured by adiabatic calorimetry. Results obtained cover the following temperature ranges: 2-methyl-1-butanol from 85 K to 301 K; 2-methyl-2-butanol from 84 K to 301 K; 3-methyl-1-butanol from 79 K to 158 K; 3-methyl-2-butanol from 85 K to 301 K; 2,2-dimethyl-1-propanol from 6 K to 381 K; 2-pentanol from 80 K to 301 K; and 3-pentanol from 5 K to 309 K. The temperature and enthalpy of phase transition were also determined. Solid to solid and solid to liquid phase transitions were detected for 2-methyl-2-butanol and for 2,2-dimethyl-1-propanol, and a solid to liquid phase transition was detected for 3-pentanol. Only a glass to liquid phase transition was detected for all the remaining compounds. The heat capacity data in the liquid phase obtained in this work were merged with available experimental data from the literature and critically assessed, and sets of recommended data were developed by correlating selected data as a function of temperature.