Journal of Canadian Petroleum Technology, Vol.43, No.8, 37-42, 2004
Achieving zero liquid discharge in SAGD heavy oil recovery
Designing a plant for maximum water recycle and reuse (i.e., zero liquid discharge) is not the mystery it once was. Planning to, implement zero liquid discharge right from the start wins faster community acceptance, streamlines the permitting process, eliminates the need for deep well injection or other disposal methods, and minimizes make-up water requirements. Over 100 mechanical zero liquid discharge systems are now in operation. worldwide using Ionics RCC Brine Concentrator and Crystallizer technologies, including two SAGD heavy oil recovery projects currently underway in Alberta. Wastewater is converted by the Brine Concentrator to extremely pure distilled water for reuse in the steam generator or other process applications. The waste from the Brine Concentrator is reduced to dry solids in the Crystallizer, while recovering the remaining wastewater for reuse. This paper will discuss the various applications of Brine Concentrators and Crystallizers as they apply to the treatment of SAGD heavy oil recovery produced water. Specific examples will be used to illustrate the wastewater recycling process and demonstrate how the zero liquid discharge system is integrated into the SAGD heavy oil recovery process.