Journal of Canadian Petroleum Technology, Vol.42, No.8, 39-45, 2003
Artificial lift - A major unresolved issue for SAGD
Lower-pressure SAGD may be required because of thief zones, or to improve the SOR, emissions, and water use. Simple 3D simulation examples representing real-world conditions illustrate the need for low steam-trap subcool values. A low mixed subcool value is needed to minimize local subcool values along the well pair and maximize steam chamber development. Lower pressures magnify the need for low subcool values. For low mixed subcool values, there is zero or very low liquid head available above a bottomhole pump. However, a high average head is required, much higher than the minimum head, due to SAGD flow instabilities. Using typical field values, a simple analysis shows that a standard bottomhole pump configuration cannot provide low subcool values for lower steam chamber pressures. A lift system designed to provide low subcool values at lower pressures is a two-stage lift system called ELift. This was used at Gulf's Surmont SAGD pilot for three years. A simulation example of the two-stage lift system is provided showing excellent conditioning of fluids prior to the pump inlet. This allows the use of standard pumps, and extends pump service life, in addition to providing the benefits of lower-pressure operation and improved recovery performance with low mixed subcool values.