화학공학소재연구정보센터
Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology, Vol.17, No.2, 261-275, 2003
Functional silanes: crosslinkers for silicone elastomers
Hydrolyzable functional silanes are used as silicone elastomer crosslinkers. The hydrolysis, triggered by air moisture, leads to crosslinking of linear polymer chains to three-dimensional networks. The properties of these elastomers depend on the silane structure. The influence of the structure has been studied for RSi(OR')(3) silanes with R = Me, Et, Pr, Bu, Pentyl (Pe), Vinyl (Vi) and Phenyl (Ph) for hydrolyzable acetoxy or oximino groups. Reactivity differences have been observed. The cure kinetics follows the order Vi > Ph - Me > Et > Pr > Bu > Pe leading to a decrease in surface curing rate from Vi to Pe. The cure thermodynamics, i.e. completeness of cure, follows the order Me > Et > Pr > Bu > Pe and Vi > Ph leading to a decrease in the crosslink density from Me to Pe. The lower degrees of cure are related to steric and inductive effects of the functional groups. Oximinosilanes showed a lower reactivity compared to acetoxysilanes, because of a Si-ON bond being more stable than a Si-OAc bond. This also leads to slower surface cure and lower crosslink density. Organometallic tin used for the catalysis of oximinosilane, systems gave results similar to organometallic titanium. For acetoxysilane systems, the titanium system was found to be more efficient. Silicone materials tailored to specific requirements can be designed. So the cure rate, release and mechanical properties can be adjusted with the selection of appropriate silanes.