Journal of Adhesion, Vol.85, No.10, 690-710, 2009
Selective Metal Pattern Fabrication Through Micro-Contact or Ink-Jet Printing and Electroless Plating onto Polymer Surfaces Chemically Modified by Plasma Treatments
Simple versatile processes combining plasma treatments, micro-contact printing (mu CP) or ink-jet printing (IJP), and electroless deposition (ELD) have been developed to produce micrometer and sub-micrometer scale metal (Ni, Ag) patterns at the surface of polymer substrates. Plasma treatments were mainly used to graft the substrate surfaces with either nitrogen-containing functionalities on which a palladium-based catalyst can be subsequently chemisorbed (case of Ni deposition through a tin-free process in solution) or oxygen-containing functionalities on which a tin-based sensitization agent can be subsequently chemisorbed (case of Ag deposition through a redox reaction). mu CP of the catalyst or of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) as well as ink printing were used to obtain locally active or non-active areas at the polymer surfaces. The metal micro-patterns were characterized using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Surface chemical characterization was carried out by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).
Keywords:Adhesion;Electroless deposition;Ink-jet printing;Metal patterning;Metal;polymer interface;Micro-contact printing;Palladium-based catalysis;Plasma treatments;Polymer substrates;Surface analysis;Tin-based sensitization