Indian Journal of Chemical Technology, Vol.11, No.2, 254-259, 2004
Alkylation of aniline with ethanol over Zn1-xMnxFe2O4 (x=0, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75 and 1) ferrite system
N-Alkylation of aniline with ethanol has been studied in vapour phase, in a fixed bed reactor over Zn1-xMnxFe2O4 (X= 0, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75 and 1) ferrospinel system. N-ethylaniline (NEA) and N,N-diethylanilines (NNDEA) were found to be the major products. It was observed, that, systems possessing low x values are highly selective for N-ethylaniline. Reaction parameters were optimized over ZnFe2O4 catalyst. A maximum yield of 53% of N-ethylaniline with selectivity of 97% and 1.79% of N,N-diethylaniline with selectivity of 3% was obtained over ZnFe2O4 catalyst at a temperature of 503 K, ethanol to aniline molar ratio 6 and weight hour space velocity of 0. 17 h(-1). Catalyst characterization has been made by XRD, IR spectroscopy and ammonia desorption methods. All catalysts show their characteristic M-O stretching bands around 700 and 500 cm(-1) associated with tetrahedral and octahedral sites respectively. All catalysts were found to show weak, medium and strong acidic sites corresponding to ammonia desorption at different temperature ranges 423-523, 523-623 and 623-723 K. A tentative mechanism for production of N-ethylanilines has been proposed.